What makes a great CNC router for woodworking, and which is the best CNC router kit for different skill levels? To find out more, and before splurging on a CNC machine, review the buying guide below to better understand the additional features commonly found on these tools. 

Motor
There are two types of motors on CNC tools—servo and stepper motors. 
Servo motor
The servo motor tolerates high speeds, can cut wood precisely and resists overload for a longer-lasting tool. It’s also quieter and more steady and is ideal for intricate patterns. The faster the speed of the motor, the more productive the CNC tool will be.
Stepper motor

A stepper motor is the more affordable price of the two and is fine for basic plane engraving. Stepper motors are easy to control, dependable, and precise. They are also suitable for the average woodworking project.

Processor
The most commonly purchased tool for its price and precision, the three axes (X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis) CNC machine includes multiple spindle speeds, mini CNCs, and YZ machines. While in use, the spindle stays on the same course making it a good student or beginner CNC unit. 
4-Axis
A 4-axis router has the three axes plus an A-axis, which allows the spindle to move left and right to process three surfaces concurrently to achieve plane and 3D engraving. This tool is ideal for carving wood or even soft metals into complex 3D pieces and patterns.
Rotary axis
Rotary axis CNC routers have a rotary spindle tool that allows them to process four surfaces simultaneously. This is especially useful for cylindrical projects that, when finished, will be in 3D, like intricate furniture accents or decorative wooden statues.

Drive
CNC router machines have two different transmission drive systems—a screw drive and a rack drive. 
Screw drive
The screw drive is the more basic of the two, with slower speeds and short tool life. If not installed properly, the screw drive can become loose and constantly need tightening. This type of drive is used primarily for smaller wood carving projects. 
Rack drive
The rack drive provides a much more accurate transmission and can handle larger projects and multiple configurations. This drive is faster, lasts longer, and is more expensive. This type of drive can be used on a laser module for effective engraving depth.

Spindle
Spindles can have a water cooling system or be air-cooled. 
Air-cooled spindle
An air-cooled spindle simply uses a fan to cool the spindle down and is more economical, easier to maintain, and user-friendly. 
Water-cooled spindle
A water-cooled system uses water to cool the spindle down when the spindle speed is too fast. It’s quieter than a fan-cooling system, generally lasts longer, and is more precise. 
 
Table Size and Bed
Router tables come with two types of tables, an aluminum table, and a vacuum table. 
Aluminum tables
The aluminum table requires pieces to be clamped to the table and is excellent for cylindrical or other oddly-shaped projects. 
Vacuum tables
A vacuum table vacuums the part directly to the table without clamps. This allows for more precise engraving since there is less shaking while in use.
Dust Collection
A dust collection system is a great perk to have on one of these machines when it comes time for cleanup. Some CNC machines have a dust port that allows the device to collect dust while carving.